Skip to main content
mini mode

what your child learns in Year 1 (Australia)

by megan walsh

typical age: 6-7 years · early primary

the year in one paragraph

Year 1 is where reading takes off. most children move from decoding single letters to reading full simple sentences. maths builds on counting to number sense — addition, subtraction, and patterns.

what they study

English

  • decoding words with blends and digraphs (sh, ch, th, bl, cr)
  • reading simple texts with expression
  • writing sentences with capital letters and full stops
  • retelling stories and explaining what happened

Maths

  • counting to 100 by 1s, 2s, 5s and 10s
  • adding and subtracting within 20
  • telling time to the hour and half hour
  • Australian coins — identifying and counting
  • recognising fractions (halves)

Science

  • living vs non-living things
  • weather and seasons patterns
  • basic forces — push, pull, twist

HASS

  • how families and daily life have changed over time
  • places we live and belong to

by the end of Year 1, most children can

  • reads 100+ words by sight
  • writes complete sentences with punctuation
  • adds and subtracts within 20
  • counts to 100
  • tells time to the half-hour

these are typical expectations — children develop at different rates. talk to your teacher if you're concerned about pace.

key things to know about Year 1

Year 1 is the big reading year. if your child is still struggling with decoding at the end of Year 1, a Year 2 intervention can often get them back on track. this is also the year dyslexia, vision and hearing issues typically become visible — trust any gut feelings and get them checked.

how to support at home

  • short, daily reading is worth more than weekend marathons
  • practise number bonds (pairs that make 10) — 1+9, 2+8, 3+7, etc
  • play board games with dice and counting
  • encourage independent writing — shopping lists, notes, drawings with captions

all year levels

Australian curriculum Foundation through Year 9

based on Australian Curriculum v9 (ACARA). states and territories adopt the curriculum with minor variations; Catholic and independent schools follow the same framework. for the official curriculum documents visit v9.australiancurriculum.edu.au. mini mode is not affiliated with ACARA.